Ibsens Roles Essay examples - 1335 Words

The movement from nineteenth-century Romanticism to twentieth-century Realism in art and literature sought to accurately reflect real life instead of idealizing it. Playwrights all over Europe and America rebelled against the established standards of a quot;well-made playquot;. They shocked, as well as horrified their audience, by abstaining from writing a resolution, or an quot;ideal endingquot; in their plays. These innovators insisted on presenting social issues in a dramatic scenario, and imposed their discussions onto their audience. Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen, the quot;Father of Realismquot; was one of the main advocates for social revolution. He was notorious for weaving controversial topics into his plays, as well as†¦show more content†¦After all, society has forever reminded women that the well-being of their family is directly related to how well they deal with their duties as mothers and wives. Torvald asks, quot;Arenamp;#8217;t they your duties[the most s acred] to your husband and children?quot; He dismisses the importance of a womanamp;#8217;s duties to herself. He believes that women do not need to live for themselves, but must make sure to make life comfortable for the rest of their family. He also goes on to say that quot;almost everyone who goes bad early in life has a mother whoamp;#8217;s a chronic liarquot; Having said this, it is evident that Torvald shuns the liability that comes with parenting, and imposes it all on Nora. The mother is solely responsible if her child turns out to be a nuisance to society later on in life. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ibsen tells his readers that if a woman fails to recognize her own needs, she will remain stagnant in a doll-child existence. Noraamp;#8217;s constant need to please her husband has hindered her development as an independent being. Her marriage quot;is that of a charming child to a parent, and not one of equals. Nora remains an innocent child, who always assumes that Torvald, her father figure, is infallible. This self-abnegation is actually harming her because believing every truth that Torvald proclaims deters her from acquiring the knowledge she needs to be her own person.Show MoreRelatedGender Roles Of A Doll House By Henrik Ibsen1706 Words   |  7 PagesGender roles in dramatic works have seen as polarizing and stereotypical since the beginning of dramatic theatre. During the Greek festival of Dionysia, Greek male actors would don masks and other adornments, portraying male and female characters in performances. The female characters were typically wri tten as mothers or wives, exhibiting flaws that made them inferior to their male counterparts. Aristophanes broke this trend with his feminist driven comedy Lysistrata. The Greek playwright built complicatedRead MoreGender Roles Equal Inequality A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen536 Words   |  2 Pages Beauty models, movie stars, and music artists have become role models for thousands of people despite submitting to gender roles and stereotypes. Even though some teens may believe that they are immune to the presence of these gender roles, the media, society, their cultural beliefs, and their peers are capable of influencing them into changing their opinions and life choices. An example of this is how Nora is treated like a doll and a child by her husband and blindly accepts the life that societyRead MoreRoles of Characters in Henrik Ibsen ´s A Doll ´s House Essay710 Words   |  3 PagesReading Henrik Ibsen’s â€Å" A doll’s house† it proves that t he writer puts importance on the characters and the roles they play in the stories. The main characters in this story pretend more to be someone else than who reader would prefer them instead of being their true selves. The one person whose character highly stood out throughout the whole story and who’s role couldn’t do more justice than said in the story to point where to seems like she leads two different lives is none other than Nora. AccordingRead MoreWomen ´s Role in A Doll ´s House by Henrik Ibsen Essay675 Words   |  3 Pagessociety in â€Å"A Doll’s House† depict the female character’s roles. In â€Å"A Doll’s House†, Torvald and Nora each have a unique role in their marriage. Torvald treats Nora as his little doll, or plaything, while Nora treats him as the man of the house who has the authority to do anything he wants. These ideas form because the society within the play does not allow much freedom for women. According to this society and culture, a women’s role is depicted by the man she is with, the female character’sRead MoreInferior Role of a Married Woman Nora in a Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen2359 Words   |  10 PagesInferior Role of a Married Woman Nora in A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen Mengdan Shen Theatre and Drama 120 Section 319 Ashley Bellet December 9, 2015 Before the twentieth century’s feminism movement, European females suffered from their unfair and discriminated positions in marriage and in society. In his masterpiece A Doll’s House, Henrik Ibsen creates Nora, a housewife who is dependent financially and socially on her husband, Helmer. Ibsen uses Nora’s marriage to depict and embody theRead MoreA Doll’s House is a play written by Henrik Ibsen during the Victorian era that portrays the role of1000 Words   |  4 PagesA Doll’s House is a play written by Henrik Ibsen during the Victorian era that portrays the role of women at that time, not only in marriage but in society as well, the gender discrimination suffered quietly by the women and witnessed impassively by the men, and subsequently reflects on the attitude each gender has towards itself as well as towards the other gender. In this paper the following is discussed – how Nora became aware of this inequality and the oppression she face d in the course of theRead MoreThe Role Of Women During The Canterbury Tales By William Shakespeare And A Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1028 Words   |  5 PagesThe role of women in society has been well documented through world literature. â€Å"And the reality is that for a large bulk of human history, women have been treated as the subordinate to men and have not been given a voice†(David Splawn, 2015). Works such as The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer, Hamlet by William Shakespeare,The Education of Women by Daniel Defoe, and A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen. These works come from a wide variety of time periods, they range from the middle ages to theRead MoreGender And Gender Roles Have Radically From The Time Henrick Ibsen s A Doll House1203 Words   |  5 Pages The idea of gender and gender roles have evolved minimally from the time Henrick Ibsen â€Å"A Doll House,† was first published. In the late 1800s, just before the beginning of the first wave of feminism in the United States and Europe, women were looking for ways to gain independence from their â€Å"duty† to marry a man, have children, and live a life to home and yearned for the freedom to choose what kind of lives they wanted to live, what they wanted to do, etc. In the beginning of the play, the viewsRead MoreNormally in a play the role of a supporting character is to either influence or as the name1000 Words   |  4 PagesNormally in a play the role of a supporting character is to either influence or as the name suggests support the main character. In the play, ‘A Doll House’, Mrs. Kristine Linde is one of these characters, who serves the most purposeful role in terms of plot development in the play as well as helps to transform the character growth. Mrs. Linde is introduced to the audience as an old friend of Nora’s, the protagonist. She is used to highlight Nora’s childish and egotistical characteristics contrastingRead MoreA W oman s Prison By Henrik Ibsen Essay1410 Words   |  6 PagesControversy came about over Nora’s role as an independent woman who makes her own decisions. The public’s immediate response to Ibsen’s play reflects the shift occurring within society, centered on gender roles and women’s place in the mid to late 19th century. Ibsen’s portrayal of women through Nora’s role explores the ideas of equality within marriage as well as women’s individualism and their role within society. Nora’s character acts as a catalyst for Ibsen to portray women’s standing as compared

Oedipus versus Madea - 675 Words

Oedipus vs. Madea Greek mythology is the body of myths and teachings concerning the gods, goddesses, and heroes, and the world. It was the religion in ancient Greece, and the only one that they likely practiced, similar to how we practice religion today. Myths are thought to be present so that we can understand the nature of what a myth is. An important function of myths is to maintain natural and social order. Although the creation myth begins with Chaos, the story works to provide a specific order to the universe, usually. After order is created within the cosmos, order is then brought to the lesser beings, or people. Medea, a mythological play is about Medea, whose husband, Jason, has married another woman, Glauke. Creon, Glaukes father, banishes Medea and her two sons from Corinth. Medea then wants revenge and thinks about a way ensue revenge on all of them. Medea convinces Creon to let her stay one more day in Corinth, which he allows because of his pity for Medeas two sons. Medea then secures a safe place to retreat to once shes committed the murders. Medea promises to cure King Aegeus’ of his sterility if he swears to give her safe harbor, he agrees, not knowing what her plot really entails.. Of course, she neglects to mention shes about to kill a bunch of people. Medea convinces Jason into believing that she is okay with his new marriage, asks him to allow her two sons the opportunity to stay in Corinth, he agrees. Medea gives Jason a gossamer gown

Prospects of Islamic Banking free essay sample

Bridges and Dr Simon Norton for their enlightening views on several issues. I dedicate my efforts to ‘Bhaijan’, who has always been the inspiration and my guide throughout my life. 4 Preface At present times, it would not be inappropriate to state that Muslims the world over face the dilemma that their religion, Islam, prohibits interest in stringent terms and aims at establishing an economy that is not only free from all forms and kinds of interest, but also from anything that bears any resemblance to it. The modern economy is heavily based and reliant on interest and it is hard to envisage any set of economic relations where interest does not play a part, whether directly or indirectly. Resolving the above-mentioned contradiction seems to be a challenge that Muslim intellectuals, bankers, industrialists, businessmen, policy-makers and ordinary consumers face. In a nutshell, this monograph seeks to provide an analysis of the workings and practices of Islamic banking industry and the products it offers; covering legal, political, social and economic issues as they relate to it. Chapter 1 commences by providing a rationale to the Islamic banking and outlining its historical journey, and ends with a discussion on the riba and its prohibition in Islam. Chapter 2 deals with the modes of Islamic finance, which certainly requires a detailed study, as it is these products that form the cornerstone of the entire Islamic banking industry. Shariah precepts are also introduced at this stage (and are discussed throughout this monograph), as they aid the process of comprehension. This chapter would also serve to introduce a discussion on Islamic Project Finance, dealt within the following chapter. Chapter 3 deals with Islamic Project Finance in practice, focussing on the legal and other economic issues as they relate to Shariah-Related Documentation, Construction and Lease Financing and Islamic Bonds. Chapter 4 consists of two case-studies, highlighting the Common law developments in Shariah law, as it relates to the Islamic banking industry. Two recent judgments (one from UK and another from Pakistan) are specifically perused, reflecting the stance that the judiciary in the two countries have adopted towards Islamic precepts, its interpretation and application. Chapter 5 raises issues relating to structuring and offering of Shariah-Compliant investment products. In particular, focussing on the role of financial institutions, fund promoters and Shariah advisors. The chapter concludes by providing a comparative analysis on the legal issues linked to the marketing of Islamic investment products in different jurisdictions. Chapter 6 provides an insight to the regulatory and supervisory practices of Islamic banking in various countries. Obstacles faced by the Islamic banking industry in their progress as regards their set up in interest-based banking jurisdictions is further addressed, which is supplemented by a case study on the regulatory issues of Islamic banks in India. 5 Chapter 7 is meant to be general, and briefly discusses the lessons that Conventional and Islamic banks can learn from each other, addressing issues such as the effect of technology transfer and the Bank-Client relationship, which would ultimately lead to the progress of one another. Chapter 8 concludes this monograph. It ascertains the merits of introducing Islamic banking globally. Reforms and suggestions for the Islamic banks are also appended to this chapter, together with a few conclusive remarks on the subject. It is aspired that this work will be a positive contribution on the subject of Islamic banking and its practices. Suggestions and criticisms are solely intended to enhance the progress of this relatively nascent banking industry, which has undoubtedly shown major signs of progress. 6 Glossary of Arabic Terms This section explains some of the Arabic words and terms, most of them appearing in this study, whereas others might relate to them and would thus be of interest to the reader. Allah is Arabic for God. Fatawa (singular. Fatwa) are legal decisions or opinions rendered by a qualified religious leader (mufti). Fiqh is Islamic Jurisprudence, the science of religious law, which is the interpretation of the sacred Law, Shariah. Gharar is uncertainty, speculation. Hadith (plural. ahadith) is the technical term for the source related to the Sunna; the sayings- and doings- of the Prophet Mohammed (pbuh), his traditions. Halal means permitted according to the Shariah. Haram means forbidden according to the Shariah. Jualah is the stipulated price (commission) for performing any service. Maysir mean gambling, from a pre-Islamic game of hazard. Muslim is on who professes the faith of Islam or is born to a Muslim family. Qard Hasan is a benevolent loan (interest-free). Qiyas means analogical deduction. Quran is the Holy book, the revealed word of God, followed by all Muslims. Riba is literally excess or increase, and covers both interest and usury. Shariah is Islamic religious law derived from the Holy Quran and the Sunna Shirka (or Sharika) is a society or partnership. Surah is a chapter of the Holy Quran. Takaful refers to mutual support, which is the basis of the concept of insurance or solidarity among Muslims. Umma means the community; the body of Muslims. Waqf is a trust or pious foundation. Zakat is a religious levy or almsgiving as required in the Holy Quran and is one of the Islam’s five pillars. (Courtesy: Lewis Algaoud, Islamic Banking, Edward Elgar, 2001, Glossary, x, xi. ) 7 Chapter 1 Introduction and the Basis of Islamic Banking A. Rationale from an Islamic perspective It is argued by proponents of the Islamic banking that in today’s world, the economic system that is based on interest has resulted in concentrating the wealth in the hands of selected few, creating monopolies and further widening the gap between the affluent and the poor. Islamic finance operates in compliance with the Shariah law. Islam is not anti-commerce (the Prophet Mohammad was himself a merchant). In contrast to the modern Western principles and philosophy, Islam encourages circulation of wealth and considers its role as vital to an economy. As Dr Usmani notes in his book, â€Å"just as clotting of blood paralyzes human body, concentration of wealth paralyzes economy. The fact that, today ten richest men in the world have more wealth than forty-eight poorest countries of the world is relied by the supporters of the Islamic banking as a testament to the fact that the current economical set up is unjust and has failed to distribute the wealth proportionately, thus leading to the downfall of humanity. 1 On considering the injunctions of the Holy Quran, it is apparent that the system of distribution of wealth laid down by Islam envisages three objects, namely: (a) The establishment of a practicable system of economy. (b) Enabling every one to obtain, what is rightfully due to them. c) Eradicating the concentration of wealth. The traditional concept of Muslims that Islam is a unique way of life distinct from all other isms and ideologies extends to the economic life of the Muslims (Umma). In the process of reshaping the economy, the areas of money, banking and investment are regarded as extremely vital to the process of Islamisation of the economy. The Islamic emphasis on co-operation as the key concept in economic life has led to reliance on profit-sharing and participation as the alternative bases for banking and investments in the Islamic framework. The concept of Islamic banking is regarded as one of the few original and creative Islamic ideas that have been successfully tried in recent times. In the not too distant past, the entire banking system in all Muslim countries was designed on the Western banking model; the latter being inconsistent with Islamic law primarily due to the disapproval of Ri ba (i. e. interest) in Islam. In other words, the elimination of Riba 1 Meezan Bank’s Guide to Islamic Banking by Dr Muhammad Imran Ashraf Usmani, Preface, page 7, Darul-Ishaat, 2002. 2 Issues in Islamic Banking, Selected Papers by M. N. Siddiqi, page 9, Preface, 1983. 8 from financial transactions is the raison d’etre of Islamic Banking3. Attempts to avoid dealing in interest led to the introduction of a non-interest based banking system, commonly termed as â€Å"Islamic banking†. McDowall notes that Islamic banking not only provides services that are compliant in terms of the Muslim faith, but through the fundamental concept of profit and loss sharing with their customers, deliver a highly ethical proposition to Conventional banking. As Islamic banking offers services to its customers free from interest, any dealing or transaction that involves interest is seen as erroneous and thus forbidden. Technically, riba refers to the addition in the principal amount of a loan, which the lender receives from the borrower. This deliberately simplified picture of the true complex state of affairs is something I shall return to in the following chapter in detail. B. History The Islamic financial system has a centuries-old history, as noted by Chapra and Khan (2000): From the very early stage in Islamic history, Muslims were able to establish a financial system without interest for mobilising resources to finance productive activities and consumer needs. The system worked quite effectively during the heyday of Islamic civilisation and for centuries thereafter. † However, over the centuries, the centre of economic gravity inclined towards the Western world, and the Western financial institutions (including banks) became dominant and the Islamic tradition remained dormant. 5 The Muslim society never approbated interest; throughout the thirteen enturies of its history prior to domination by imperialist powers, it managed its economy and carried on domestic and international trade without any involvement of interest. Profit – sharing and different kinds of participation arrangements served as adequate basis for savings and investment and considerable capital was mobilised for mining, shipbuilding, marine trade, textiles and other industries. 6 The issue of interest free banking regained the attention of Muslim intellectuals in the 1940’s and 1950’s. By this time, numerous local and national banks were establish ed along the lines of interest-based foreign banks. By this time, the government of Muslim countries, in particular, those who gained political independence, found themselves compelled to engage in international financial transactions using banking systems. The necessity for commercial banking was realised.

Creating Collaborative Organization Persist - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Would you consider paying each partner a salary that reflected their expertise, experience or ability to generate business for partnership? If so, how would you determine the impact of such factors on salary of each partner? Answer: Yes, salary will be paid to partners as it will provide a tax benefit to partnership business as well as it will provide motivation to partners to work effectively for the betterment of business and self. Organizations are likely to choose partnership as business structure as it adds shared value through mutual efforts. However, organizations might have diverse frameworks and strategies, for this aspect they can operate together to achieve their common objectives and shared goals. A partnership is considered as a relationship of give-and-take which can thereby reinforce the ability of the organization to ensure long-term collaboration and support. In order to accomplish potential partnerships benefit, organizations are required to be prepared in every aspect (Bushe, 2017). While providing a salary of partners, various factors will be considered such as expertise, experience and ability to generate business for partnership. Impact of these factors of the salary of partner is enumerated as below: Job experience: It is essential to thoroughly document experiences when it comes to the skills and knowledge an individual is searching to obtain, the high experience can increase the range of job types. Extraordinary experience may result in out of range payment; it may also result in lack of job offers due to over-qualification (Katzenbach and Smith, 2015). If one partner is having experience of 10 years in the industry while other is having 2-year experience, then it will not be fair to have equal pay. Further; experience partner can provide significant advantages to business in terms of strategies and provide contacts, and same will assist in increasing profit of the business. Location: Geography has an important role in the pay-scale, and also makes 100 percent difference in job offers. it might not be considered that pay in highest dollars is the best, but one must consider the living cost while determining how much a salary is really worth. Due to this factor; salary will be decided by considering opportunity cost and living cost of the area in which business operates. Salary History:The payment offered in the previous jobs sets the stage for what will be offered in the new business, it can be positive or negative. It is a part where individuals are searching for career opportunities might consider themselves as over-compensated and unqualified for positions they look for due to previously earned salaries (Bilodeau and et al., 2017). Thus partners will be paid higher in comparison to their previous salaries so they can be satisfied with their job and pay status. Educational Attainment: Often partnership demand high-education and experience, and those who surpass them can get high compensations as compared to those who dont. Pulling things together, the institution that confers degree does matter, as it tells how much they earn. Certifications held: In a situation where certification is relevant to the position, recent documentation can increase pay between partners. For the individuals competing for a position in the partnership business, certifications can assist in employing owners that distinguish between the good and best ones (Ennis and Semple, 2016). Some of the organizations realize and compensate on the basis certification directly and clearly, the mainstream considers credentials, but their position in salary computations is infrequently transparent. Demonstrate soft skills: Best partners are those who track with records and prove their abilities to act and work effectively. Along with this, they are able to manage themselves as well as other people and complex projects. Furthermore, a well-certificated record is a great key to demonstrate the high development of soft skills. Publications, honours, awards: Individuals been published in their positions, or have gained rewards or honours from high societies or relations can provide further skills, accomplishments and knowledge. This factor can provide goodwill to partnership business, and partner will get paid for the same (Katzenbach and Smith, 2015). This can assist in distinguishing among good, immense or job promotion applicants. This value is predominantly based on prestige. Thus it will not makes any huge difference in salary. Employee Tenure and Performance: Conventionally, a partner pay increase with the years of knowledge, experience and services, as their progress is regarded with more dependency and effectiveness. Although, the rapid increase in demand in the global economy higher the productivity level, the pay system of the organization can also help in improving their performance. For most of the partners, the main goal is to combine the compensation and rewards schemes with strategic initiatives about customers, development and profitability, to become highly competitive in the market. By considering above described factors salary of partners will be determined to ensure fair remuneration strategy in business. References Bilodeau, A., Galarneau, M., Fournier, M.D., Potvin, L., Sncal, G. and Bernier, J., 2017. Self-Evaluation Tool for Action in Partnership. Bushe, G.R., 2017. Creating collaborative organizations that can persist: The partnership principle.OD Practitioner,49(3), pp.23-29. Ennis, C. and Semple, A.L., 2016. Modeling partnerships: Exploring a whole of region approach to partnership development and management. InThe Gold Sponsor of the ACEN 2016 Conference was Intersective, supporting work-integrated learning in Australia(p. 166). Katzenbach, J.R. and Smith, D.K., 2015.The wisdom of teams: Creating the high-performance organization. Harvard Business Review Press.